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PHYS THER
Vol. 73, No. 1, January 1993, pp. 33-44
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Article

Reliability of the modified-modified Schober and double inclinometer methods for measuring lumbar flexion and extension

R Williams, J Binkley, R Bloch, CH Goldsmith, and T Minuk

School of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Hamilton Civic Hospitals, Henderson General Division, Ontario, Canada.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of lumbar flexion and extension range-of-motion measurements obtained with the modified-modified Schober and the double inclinometer methods on subjects with low back pain. SUBJECTS. Fifteen patients (8 women, 7 men), aged 25 to 53 years (mean = 35.7, SD = 9.9), with chronic low back pain were measured by three physical therapists with 3 to 12 years (mean = 8.3, SD = 4.7) of clinical experience. METHODS. The therapists used the modified-modified Schober and double inclinometer techniques to measure, in random order and on two occasions, the subjects' lumbar flexion and extension. RESULTS. Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficients for test-retest reliability for the modified-modified Schober technique varied from .78 to .89 for lumbar flexion and from .69 to .91 for extension; for the double inclinometer method, Pearson correlation coefficients varied from .13 to .87 for lumbar flexion and from .28 to .66 for extension. Analysis of variance-derived intraclass correlation coefficients for interrater reliability for the modified-modified Schober technique were .72 for flexion and .76 for extension; for the double inclinometer technique, they were .60 for flexion and .48 for extension. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION. The modified-modified Schober method thus appears to be a reliable method for measuring lumbar flexion and extension for patients with low back pain, whereas the double inclinometer technique needs improvement.


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K. S Maluf, S. A Sahrmann, and L. R Van Dillen
Use of a Classification System to Guide Nonsurgical Management of a Patient With Chronic Low Back Pain
Physical Therapy, November 1, 2000; 80(11): 1097 - 1111.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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Copyright © 1993 by the American Physical Therapy Association.