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Research Reports |
BF Miller, ATC, is currently pursuing a PhD in integrative biology at the University of California–Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif. This work was performed in partial fulfillment of the degree requirements for Mr Miller's Master of Science degree in kinesiology at the University of Wisconsin–Madison
KG Gruben, PhD, is Assistant Professor, Departments of Kinesiology and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison
BJ Morgan, PT, PhD, is Associate Professor, Physical Therapy Program, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin–Madison.
Address correspondence to Dr Morgan at 5173 Medical Sciences Center, 1300 University Ave, Madison, WI 53706-1532 (USA) (morgan{at}surgery.wisc.edu)
Background and Purpose. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) increases regional blood flow when applied at intensities sufficient to cause skeletal muscle contraction. It is not known whether increases in blood flow elicited by TENS differ from those caused by voluntary muscle contraction. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to compare the hemodynamic effects of these 2 types of muscle contraction. Subjects and Methods. Fourteen people with no known pathology, aged 18 to 49 years (
=28, SD=8), served as subjects. Calf blood flow (venous occlusion plethysmography), heart rate (electrocardiogram), blood pressure (automated sphygmomanometry), and force (footplate transducer) were measured during electrically induced and voluntary contractions. Results. Both modes of exercise caused rapid, but short-lived vasodilation (calf vascular resistance [±SEM]: –53%±3% for voluntary contractions versus –57%±4% for electrically induced contractions). The vasodilation caused by electrically induced contractions persisted for at least 15 seconds in the postexercise period, whereas the vasodilation elicited by voluntary contractions had resolved by this time point. Conclusion and Discussion. The hemodynamic changes elicited by voluntary and electrically induced muscle contractions are similar in magnitude but different in duration.
Key Words: Exercise • Regional blood flow • Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
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