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Use of Item Response Analysis to Investigate Measurement Properties and Clinical Validity of Data for the Dynamic Gait Index

YP Chiu, PT, MHS, is a doctoral candidate in rehabilitation science, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Box 100154, UFHSC, Gainesville, FL 32611-0154 (USA)
SL Fritz, PT, PhD, is Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC; Graduate Student, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla; and Pre-Doctoral Fellow, VA Brain Rehabilitation Research Center, Malcom Randall VA Medical Center, Gainesville, Fla
KE Light, PT, PhD, is Associate Professor, Department of Physical Therapy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida
CA Velozo, OTR/L, PhD, is Associate Professor, Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, and Research Health Scientist, Rehabilitation Outcome Research Center, North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System, Gainesville, Fla

(yipaoc{at}ufl.edu). Address all correspondence to Mr Chiu

Background and Purpose. The Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) is a standardized clinical assessment that aids in evaluating a subject’s ability to modify gait in response to changing demands. The purpose of this study was to use Rasch measurement theory to examine whether the DGI rating scale meets suggested psychometric guidelines, whether the hierarchical order of DGI tasks is consistent with a clinically logical testing procedure, and whether the DGI represents a unidimensional construct. Subjects. Subjects were 84 community-dwelling male veterans (age range=64–88 years; mean±SD=75±6.47 years). Methods. Data were retrieved retrospectively from the participants’ clinical records. The Rasch measurement model with the WINSTEPS program was used in this study because it offers distinct advantages over traditional psychometric approaches. Results. Overall, the DGI showed sound item psychometric properties. Each of the original 4 rating scale categories appeared to distinctly identify subjects at different ability levels. The analysis revealed a clear item difficulty hierarchical order that is generally consistent with clinical expectations. In addition, fit statistics and principal components analysis indicated that the 8 items of the DGI appear to represent a single construct. Discussion and Conclusion. The results suggest that the rating scale of the DGI is used appropriately for community-dwelling older subjects with balance problems. The findings support the continued use of this well-constructed scale for clinical and research assessment in a community-dwelling population of older subjects. [Chiu YP, Fritz SL, Light KE, Velozo CA. Use of item response analysis to investigate measurement properties and clinical validity of data for the Dynamic Gait Index. Phys Ther. 2006;86:778–787.]

Key Words: Balance, Gait • Psychometric measurement

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