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Shoulder Dysfunction Assessment: Self-report and Impaired Scapular Movements

J Lin, PT, PhD, is Lecturer, School of Physical Therapy and National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Room 327, No. 17, Xuzhou Rd, Zhongzheng District, Taipei City 100, Taiwan, Republic of China.
WP Hanten, PT, PhD, is Professor, School of Physical Therapy, Texas Woman’s University, Houston, Tex
SL Olson, PT, PhD, is Professor, School of Physical Therapy, Texas Woman’s University
TS Roddey, PT, PhD, is Associate Professor, School of Physical Therapy, Texas Woman’s University
DA Soto-quijano, MD, is Assistant Professor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga
HK Lim, PhD, is Senior Researcher, Division of Electromagnetic Metrology, Biomagnetism Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Taejon, Korea
AM Sherwood, PhD, is Science and Technology Advisor, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex

lxjst{at}ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw. Address all correspondence to Dr Lin

Background and Purpose. Shoulder dysfunction is common in various patient populations. This investigation was performed to assess shoulder dysfunction with self-report and performance-based functional measures. Subjects. Fifty men (25 with shoulder dysfunction and 25 without shoulder dysfunction) participated in this study. Methods. Self-report functional disabilities were assessed with the Flexilevel Scale of Shoulder Function (FLEX-SF), and electromagnetic tracking sensors were used to monitor 3-dimensional scapular movements during 4 functional tasks. Results. Relative to the control group, the group with shoulder dysfunction showed significant alterations in scapular movements (averages of 6.9° less posterior tipping, 5.7° less upward rotation, and 2.3 cm more elevation). Scapular kinematics correlated significantly (r) with the Self-report FLEX-SF measure during functional tasks (posterior tipping=.454 to .712, upward rotation=.296 and .317, and elevation=–.310). Discussion and Conclusion. Functional disabilities were identified with self-report and performance-based functional measures. The inadequate scapular posterior tipping and scapular upward rotation as well as the excessive elevation may have implications in planning intervention strategies for people with shoulder dysfunction.

Key Words: Activities of daily living • Biomechanics • Rehabilitation • Scapula • Shoulder-related dysfunction